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| Subject |
Direct |
Indirect |
Object of Prepositions |
| io |
I |
mi |
me |
mi |
to me |
me |
me |
| tu |
you (s.i.) |
ti |
you |
ti |
to you |
te |
you |
| lui |
he/it |
lo |
him/it |
gli |
to him/it |
lui |
him/it |
| lei |
she/it/you (s.p.) |
la |
her/it/you |
le |
to her/it/you |
lei |
her/it/you |
| noi |
we |
ci |
us |
ci |
to us |
noi |
us |
| voi |
you (p.i.) |
vi |
you |
vi |
to you |
voi |
you |
| loro |
they/you (p.p.) |
li/le |
them/you |
loro |
to them/you |
loro |
them/you |
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S.i. means singular informal, s.p.
means singular polite, p.i. means plural informal,
and p.p. means plural polite. For you
(s.p.) and you (p.p.) they are capitalized to
set them apart from the other meaning. (Lei
instead of lei and Loro instead of loro.)
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Direct and Indirect pronouns go
directly in front of the verb, except loro,
which always follows the verb.
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With infinitives or participles,
the pronoun (except loro) follows it and is
written as one word. This also is true
of commands, except for Lei or Loro.
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When you have more than one pronoun,
the indirect comes before the direct.
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The i of mi, ti, ci, and vi changes
to an e before lo, la, li and le.
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Gli and le become glie before lo,
la, li, and le; and are written as one word
connected with the other pronoun (glielo, gliela,
glieli, gliele).
If you use lo, la, li, le; the
past participle must agree with them.
| Hai mangiato il panino? |
Did you eat the bun? |
| Lo ho mangiato. |
I ate it. |
| Hai mangiato la pasta? |
Did you eat the pastry? |
| La ho mangiata. |
I ate it. |
In negative sentencs, pronouns go before
the entire verb as well, but after the non.
| I haven't eaten it. |
Non lo ho mangiato. |
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