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Irregular
Stems in Imperfect
Irregular verbs have a different stem
for the past tense and add different endings than
those of the regular verbs. You will have to
memorize these stems, as they are unpredictable.
Irregular Stems
| singen-to sing |
sang- |
|
bleiben-to stay |
blieb- |
|
sehen-to see |
sah- |
| fahren-to ride, travel |
fuhr- |
|
essen-to eat |
aß- |
|
sprechen-to speak |
sprach- |
| finden-to find |
fand- |
|
fliegen-to fly |
flog- |
|
stehen-to stand |
stand- |
| lesen-to read |
las- |
|
geben-to give |
gab- |
|
tragen-to carry |
trug- |
| nehmen-to take |
nahm- |
|
rufen-to call |
rief- |
|
waschen-to wash |
wusch- |
| kommen-to come |
kam- |
|
schlafen-to sleep |
schlief- |
|
helfen-to help |
half- |
| gehen-to go |
ging- |
|
schreiben-to write |
schrieb- |
|
nennen-to name |
nann- |
Irregular Imperfect Endings
| - |
-en |
| -st |
-t |
| - |
-en |
Note: There are no endings
for the 1st and 3rd person singular. If the
verb stem ends in an s sound (such as aß-),
the du form ending becomes -est (du
aßest.) If the verb stem ends
in -t or -d, the ihr form ending becomes
-et while the du form ending sometimes becomes
-est. Most verb stems do add -est in the
du form, but some do not. For example, finden
is conjugated without the -e- (du
fandst) while sich befinden is conjugated
with the -e- (du befandest dich.)
Similarly, stehen is conjugated without
the -e- (du standst) while verstehen is
conjugated with the -e- (du verstandest.)
The other main verbs that are conjugated without
the -e- are braten (brietst; to roast), erfinden
(erfandst, to invent), laden (ludst, to invite),
leiden (littst, to suffer), and schneiden
(schnittst, to cut).
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