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Separable Prefixes

ab- auf- bei- mit- vor- weg- zurück-
an- aus- los- nach- vorbei- zu- zusammen-

These prefixes are added to the infinitive and change the meaning of the verb.  Kommen is to come, but ankommen is to arrive.  When conjugated, the prefix goes to the end of the sentence.   Er kommt um fünf Uhr an means "he is arriving at 5."  But Er kommt um drei Uhr means "he is coming at 3."  With modals, the infinitive goes to the end of the sentence as usual, but the prefix remains attached.  Ich will jetzt ausgehen means "I want to go out now."

Verbs with Separable Prefixes

abholen to pick someone up zuhören to listen to
ankommen to arrive mitnehmen to take with
anrufen to call up einsteigen to board
aufhören to stop vorbeikommen to come by
aufstehen to get up anzünden to light (candles)
ausfüllen to fill in (the blanks) ausgeben to spend
ausgehen to go out anziehen to put on clothes
aussehen to look like, appear ausziehen to take off clothes
einkaufen to shop ansehen to look at, watch
einpacken to pack up aufräumen to tidy up (clothes)
fernsehen to watch TV ausleeren to empty
austragen to deliver aufmachen to open
vorschlagen to suggest zumachen to close
wegstellen to put away anmachen to turn on
einschlafen to fall asleep ausmachen to turn off
anfangen to begin abräumen to clear (the table)
aufwachen to wake up züruckkommen to come back
auswandern to emigrate vorstellen to introduce
weggehen to go away aufwischen to mop up
abtrocknen to dry (dishes) abwischen to wipe clean
mitkommen to come with einladen to invite
anschauen to look at zusehen to observe

 

 

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