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Formation
of Plural Nouns
Plural nouns in German are unpredictable,
so it's best to memorize the plural form with the
singular. However, here are some rules that
can help:
1. Feminine nouns usually add
-n or -en. Nouns that end in
-in (such as the female equivalents of masculine
nouns) add -nen.
| eine Lampe |
zwei Lampen |
| eine Tür |
zwei Türen |
| eine Studentin |
zwei Studentinnen |
2. Masculine and neuter
nouns usually add -e or -er. Many
masculine plural nouns ending in -e add an
umlaut as well, but neuter plural nouns ending in
-e don't. Plurals that end in -er
add an umlaut when the stem vowel is a, o
, u or au.
| Masculine |
Neuter |
| ein Rock |
zwei Röcke |
ein Heft |
zwei Hefte |
| ein Mann |
zwei Männer |
ein Buch |
zwei Bücher |
3. Masculine and neuter
singular nouns that end in -er either
add an umlaut or change nothing at all. Many
nouns with a stem vowel of a, o, u or au
add an umlaut.
| Masculine |
Neuter |
| ein Bruder |
zwei Brüder |
ein Fenster |
zwei Fenster |
4. Nouns that end in a vowel other
than an unstressed -e and nouns of foreign origin
add -s.
| ein Hobby |
zwei Hobbys |
| ein Hotel |
zwei Hotels |
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