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Etre Verbs
Sixteen "house" verbs
and all pronominal verbs
are conjugated with être,
and they must agree in gender and
number with the subject. The
house verbs are:
| aller-to
go |
sortir-to go out |
venir-to come |
mourir-to die |
| arriver-to arrive |
partir-to leave |
devenir-to become |
monter-to go up |
| entrer-to enter |
tomber-to fall |
revenir-to come back |
rester-to stay |
| rentrer-to return home |
naître-to be born |
passer-to go by (pass) |
descendre-to go down |
Most have regular past
participles, except venir-venu,
devenir-devenu, revenir-revenu,
mourir-mort, and naître-né.
And five of these verbs, monter,
descendre, sortir, rentrer,
and passer can sometimes
be conjugated with avoir
if they are used with a direct
object. Elle a rentré
le livre à la bibliothèque.
She returned the book
to the library.
Conjugation of an être verb
| Je suis resté(e) |
Nous sommes resté(e)s |
| Tu es resté(e) |
Vous êtes resté(e)(s) |
| Il est resté |
Ils sont restés |
| Elle est restée |
Elles sont restées |
You add the e for
feminine and s for plural.
Vous can have any of the endings.
Conjugation of a Pronominal Verb
| Je me suis amusé(e) |
Nous nous sommes amusé(e)s |
| Tu t'es amusé(e) |
Vous vous êtes amusé(e)(s) |
| Il s'est amusé |
Ils se sont amusés |
| Elle s'est amusée |
Elles se sont amusées |
There are only two
cases with pronominal verbs where
the past participle does not agree:
1. When the pronominal verb
is followed by a direct object.
Compare: Elles se sont
lavées, but elles se
sont lavé les mains.
2. With verbs where the reflexive
pronoun is an indirect object, such
as
se parler, se demander, se dire, s'écrire,
se sourire, and se téléphoner.
Ils se sont téléphoné.
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