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To Be and to Have

Present tense of être - to be (eh-truh)
I am Je suis zhuh swee We are Nous sommes noo sohm
You are Tu es tew ay You are Vous êtes voo zett
He is
She is
One is
Il est
Elle est
On est
eel ay
ell ay
ohn ay
They are
They are
Ils sont
Elles sont
eel sohn
ell sohn

Past tense of être - to be
I was (being) j'étais zhay-teh We were (being) nous étions ay-tee-ohn
You were (being) tu étais ay-teh You were (being) vous étiez ay-tee-ay
He was (being)
She was (being)
One was (being)
il était
elle était
on était
ay-teh
ay-teh
ay-teh
They were (being)
They were (being)
ils étaient
elles étaient
ay-teh
ay-teh

Note: Je and any verb form that starts with a vowel (or silent h) combine together for ease of pronunciation.

Future Tense of être - to be
I will be je serai suh-reh We will be nous serons suh-rohn
You will be tu seras suh-rah You will be vous seriez suh-ree-ay
He will be
She will be
One will be
il sera
elle sera
on sera
suh-rah
suh-rah
suh-rah
They will be
They will be
ils seront
elles seront
suh-rohn
suh-rohn

Note:  You must use the subject pronouns; but I will leave them out of future conjugations.
Present tense of avoir - to have (ah-vwahr)
I have j'ai zhay We have avons ah-vohn
You have as ah You have avez ah-vay
He/she has a ah They have ont ohn

Past tense of avoir - to have
I had j'avais zhah-veh We had avions ah-vee-ohn
You had avais ah-veh You had aviez ah-vee-ay
He/she had avait ah-veh They had avaient ah-veh

Future tense of avoir - to have
I will have j'aurai zhoh-reh We will have aurons oh-rohn
You will have auras oh-rah You will have aurez oh-ray
He/she will have aura oh-rah They will have auront oh-rohn

Avoir and être are used in many common and idiomatic expressions that should be memorized:
avoir chaud - to be hot
avoir froid - to be cold
avoir peur - to be afraid
avoir raison - to be right
avoir tort - to be wrong
avoir faim - to be hungry
avoir soif - to be thirsty
avoir sommeil - to be sleepy
avoir honte - to be ashamed
avoir besoin de - to need
avoir l'air de - to look like, seem
avoir envie de - to feel like
avoir de la chance - to be lucky
être de retour - to be back
être en retard - to be late
être en avance - to be early
être d'accord - to be in agreement
être sur le point de - to be about to
être en train de - to be in the act of
être enrhumée - to have a cold
nous + être (un jour) - to be (a day)




 

J'ai froid.  I'm cold.
Tu avais raison.  You were right.
Il aura sommeil ce soir.  He will be tired tonight.
Elle a de la chance!  She's lucky!
Nous aurons faim plus tard.  We will be hungry later.
Vouz aviez tort.  You were wrong.
Ils ont chaud.  They are hot.
Elles avaient peur hier.  They were afraid yesterday.
Je suis en retard!  I'm late!
Tu étais en avance.  You were early.
Elle sera d'accord.  She will agree.
Nous sommes lundi.  It is Monday.
Vous étiez enrhumé.  You had a cold.
Ils seront en train d'étudier.  They will be (in the act of) studying.
Elles étaient sur le point de partir.  They were about to leave.
On est de retour.  We/you/they/the people are back.

 


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